213 lines
		
	
	
		
			5.3 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
		
		
			
		
	
	
			213 lines
		
	
	
		
			5.3 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
|  | # co
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | [![Gitter][gitter-image]][gitter-url] | ||
|  | [![NPM version][npm-image]][npm-url] | ||
|  | [![Build status][travis-image]][travis-url] | ||
|  | [![Test coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url] | ||
|  | [![Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url] | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   Generator based control flow goodness for nodejs and the browser, | ||
|  |   using promises, letting you write non-blocking code in a nice-ish way. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## Co v4
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   `co@4.0.0` has been released, which now relies on promises. | ||
|  |   It is a stepping stone towards [ES7 async/await](https://github.com/lukehoban/ecmascript-asyncawait). | ||
|  |   The primary API change is how `co()` is invoked. | ||
|  |   Before, `co` returned a "thunk", which you then called with a callback and optional arguments. | ||
|  |   Now, `co()` returns a promise. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ```js | ||
|  | co(function* () { | ||
|  |   var result = yield Promise.resolve(true); | ||
|  |   return result; | ||
|  | }).then(function (value) { | ||
|  |   console.log(value); | ||
|  | }, function (err) { | ||
|  |   console.error(err.stack); | ||
|  | }); | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   If you want to convert a `co`-generator-function into a regular function that returns a promise, | ||
|  |   you now use `co.wrap(fn*)`. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ```js | ||
|  | var fn = co.wrap(function* (val) { | ||
|  |   return yield Promise.resolve(val); | ||
|  | }); | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | fn(true).then(function (val) { | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | }); | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## Platform Compatibility
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   `co@4+` requires a `Promise` implementation. | ||
|  |   For versions of node `< 0.11` and for many older browsers, | ||
|  |   you should/must include your own `Promise` polyfill. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   When using node 0.11.x or greater, you must use the `--harmony-generators` | ||
|  |   flag or just `--harmony` to get access to generators. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   When using node 0.10.x and lower or browsers without generator support, | ||
|  |   you must use [gnode](https://github.com/TooTallNate/gnode) and/or [regenerator](http://facebook.github.io/regenerator/). | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   io.js is supported out of the box, you can use `co` without flags or polyfills. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## Installation
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | $ npm install co | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## Associated libraries
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | Any library that returns promises work well with `co`. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | - [mz](https://github.com/normalize/mz) - wrap all of node's code libraries as promises. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | View the [wiki](https://github.com/visionmedia/co/wiki) for more libraries. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## Examples
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ```js | ||
|  | var co = require('co'); | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | co(function *(){ | ||
|  |   // yield any promise | ||
|  |   var result = yield Promise.resolve(true); | ||
|  | }).catch(onerror); | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | co(function *(){ | ||
|  |   // resolve multiple promises in parallel | ||
|  |   var a = Promise.resolve(1); | ||
|  |   var b = Promise.resolve(2); | ||
|  |   var c = Promise.resolve(3); | ||
|  |   var res = yield [a, b, c]; | ||
|  |   console.log(res); | ||
|  |   // => [1, 2, 3] | ||
|  | }).catch(onerror); | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | // errors can be try/catched | ||
|  | co(function *(){ | ||
|  |   try { | ||
|  |     yield Promise.reject(new Error('boom')); | ||
|  |   } catch (err) { | ||
|  |     console.error(err.message); // "boom" | ||
|  |  } | ||
|  | }).catch(onerror); | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | function onerror(err) { | ||
|  |   // log any uncaught errors | ||
|  |   // co will not throw any errors you do not handle!!! | ||
|  |   // HANDLE ALL YOUR ERRORS!!! | ||
|  |   console.error(err.stack); | ||
|  | } | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## Yieldables
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   The `yieldable` objects currently supported are: | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   - promises | ||
|  |   - thunks (functions) | ||
|  |   - array (parallel execution) | ||
|  |   - objects (parallel execution) | ||
|  |   - generators (delegation) | ||
|  |   - generator functions (delegation) | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | Nested `yieldable` objects are supported, meaning you can nest | ||
|  | promises within objects within arrays, and so on! | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ### Promises
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | [Read more on promises!](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise) | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ### Thunks
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | Thunks are functions that only have a single argument, a callback. | ||
|  | Thunk support only remains for backwards compatibility and may | ||
|  | be removed in future versions of `co`. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ### Arrays
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | `yield`ing an array will resolve all the `yieldables` in parallel. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ```js | ||
|  | co(function* () { | ||
|  |   var res = yield [ | ||
|  |     Promise.resolve(1), | ||
|  |     Promise.resolve(2), | ||
|  |     Promise.resolve(3), | ||
|  |   ]; | ||
|  |   console.log(res); // => [1, 2, 3] | ||
|  | }).catch(onerror); | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ### Objects
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | Just like arrays, objects resolve all `yieldable`s in parallel. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ```js | ||
|  | co(function* () { | ||
|  |   var res = yield { | ||
|  |     1: Promise.resolve(1), | ||
|  |     2: Promise.resolve(2), | ||
|  |   }; | ||
|  |   console.log(res); // => { 1: 1, 2: 2 } | ||
|  | }).catch(onerror); | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ### Generators and Generator Functions
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | Any generator or generator function you can pass into `co` | ||
|  | can be yielded as well. This should generally be avoided | ||
|  | as we should be moving towards spec-compliant `Promise`s instead. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## API
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ### co(fn*).then( val => )
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | Returns a promise that resolves a generator, generator function, | ||
|  | or any function that returns a generator. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ```js | ||
|  | co(function* () { | ||
|  |   return yield Promise.resolve(true); | ||
|  | }).then(function (val) { | ||
|  |   console.log(val); | ||
|  | }, function (err) { | ||
|  |   console.error(err.stack); | ||
|  | }); | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ### var fn = co.wrap(fn*)
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | Convert a generator into a regular function that returns a `Promise`. | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ```js | ||
|  | var fn = co.wrap(function* (val) { | ||
|  |   return yield Promise.resolve(val); | ||
|  | }); | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | fn(true).then(function (val) { | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | }); | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## License
 | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   MIT | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | [npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/co.svg?style=flat-square | ||
|  | [npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/co | ||
|  | [travis-image]: https://img.shields.io/travis/tj/co.svg?style=flat-square | ||
|  | [travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/tj/co | ||
|  | [coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/tj/co.svg?style=flat-square | ||
|  | [coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/tj/co | ||
|  | [downloads-image]: http://img.shields.io/npm/dm/co.svg?style=flat-square | ||
|  | [downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/co | ||
|  | [gitter-image]: https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg | ||
|  | [gitter-url]: https://gitter.im/tj/co?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge |